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Diff for /JSOC/proj/sharp/apps/sw_functions.c between version 1.5 and 1.9

version 1.5, 2013/01/14 18:27:45 version 1.9, 2013/05/20 23:55:32
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 ===========================================*/ ===========================================*/
 #include <math.h> #include <math.h>
   #include <mkl.h>
  
 #define PI              (M_PI) #define PI              (M_PI)
 #define MUNAUGHT (0.0000012566370614) /* magnetic constant */ #define MUNAUGHT (0.0000012566370614) /* magnetic constant */
Line 66 
Line 67 
 //  5: pixels for which the radial acute disambiguation solution was chosen //  5: pixels for which the radial acute disambiguation solution was chosen
 //  7: pixels for which the radial acute and NRWA disambiguation agree //  7: pixels for which the radial acute and NRWA disambiguation agree
  
 int computeAbsFlux(float *bz, int *dims, float *absFlux,  int computeAbsFlux(float *bz_err, float *bz, int *dims, float *absFlux,
                                    float *mean_vf_ptr, int *mask,  int *bitmask,                     float *mean_vf_ptr, float *mean_vf_err_ptr, float *count_mask_ptr, int *mask,
                                    float cdelt1, double rsun_ref, double rsun_obs)                     int *bitmask, float cdelt1, double rsun_ref, double rsun_obs)
  
 { {
  
     int nx = dims[0], ny = dims[1];     int nx = dims[0], ny = dims[1];
     int i, j, count_mask=0;     int i, j, count_mask=0;
     double sum=0.0;      double sum,err=0.0;
  
     if (nx <= 0 || ny <= 0) return 1;     if (nx <= 0 || ny <= 0) return 1;
  
Line 88  int computeAbsFlux(float *bz, int *dims,
Line 89  int computeAbsFlux(float *bz, int *dims,
                   if ( mask[j * nx + i] < 70 || bitmask[j * nx + i] < 30 ) continue;                   if ( mask[j * nx + i] < 70 || bitmask[j * nx + i] < 30 ) continue;
                   if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;                   if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;
                   sum += (fabs(bz[j * nx + i]));                   sum += (fabs(bz[j * nx + i]));
                     err += bz_err[j * nx + i]*bz_err[j * nx + i];
                   count_mask++;                   count_mask++;
                 }                 }
         }         }
  
      printf("nx=%d,ny=%d,count_mask=%d,sum=%f\n",nx,ny,count_mask,sum);  
      printf("cdelt1=%f,rsun_ref=%f,rsun_obs=%f\n",cdelt1,rsun_ref,rsun_obs);  
      *mean_vf_ptr = sum*cdelt1*cdelt1*(rsun_ref/rsun_obs)*(rsun_ref/rsun_obs)*100.0*100.0;      *mean_vf_ptr = sum*cdelt1*cdelt1*(rsun_ref/rsun_obs)*(rsun_ref/rsun_obs)*100.0*100.0;
        *mean_vf_err_ptr = (sqrt(err))*fabs(cdelt1*cdelt1*(rsun_ref/rsun_obs)*(rsun_ref/rsun_obs)*100.0*100.0); // error in the unsigned flux
        *count_mask_ptr  = count_mask;
        printf("CMASK=%g\n",*count_mask_ptr);
        printf("USFLUX=%g\n",*mean_vf_ptr);
        printf("sum=%f\n",sum);
        printf("USFLUX_err=%g\n",*mean_vf_err_ptr);
      return 0;      return 0;
 } }
  
 /*===========================================*/ /*===========================================*/
 /* Example function 2: Calculate Bh in units of Gauss */  /* Example function 2: Calculate Bh, the horizontal field, in units of Gauss */
 // Native units of Bh are Gauss // Native units of Bh are Gauss
  
 int computeBh(float *bx, float *by, float *bz, float *bh, int *dims,  int computeBh(float *bx_err, float *by_err, float *bh_err, float *bx, float *by, float *bz, float *bh, int *dims,
                           float *mean_hf_ptr, int *mask, int *bitmask)                           float *mean_hf_ptr, int *mask, int *bitmask)
  
 { {
Line 122  int computeBh(float *bx, float *by, floa
Line 128  int computeBh(float *bx, float *by, floa
                 if isnan(by[j * nx + i]) continue;                 if isnan(by[j * nx + i]) continue;
                 bh[j * nx + i] = sqrt( bx[j * nx + i]*bx[j * nx + i] + by[j * nx + i]*by[j * nx + i] );                 bh[j * nx + i] = sqrt( bx[j * nx + i]*bx[j * nx + i] + by[j * nx + i]*by[j * nx + i] );
                 sum += bh[j * nx + i];                 sum += bh[j * nx + i];
                   bh_err[j * nx + i]=sqrt( bx[j * nx + i]*bx[j * nx + i]*bx_err[j * nx + i]*bx_err[j * nx + i] + by[j * nx + i]*by[j * nx + i]*by_err[j * nx + i]*by_err[j * nx + i])/ bh[j * nx + i];
                 count_mask++;                 count_mask++;
               }               }
           }           }
  
     *mean_hf_ptr = sum/(count_mask); // would be divided by nx*ny if shape of count_mask = shape of magnetogram     *mean_hf_ptr = sum/(count_mask); // would be divided by nx*ny if shape of count_mask = shape of magnetogram
     printf("*mean_hf_ptr=%f\n",*mean_hf_ptr);  
     return 0;     return 0;
 } }
  
 /*===========================================*/ /*===========================================*/
 /* Example function 3: Calculate Gamma in units of degrees */ /* Example function 3: Calculate Gamma in units of degrees */
 // Native units of atan(x) are in radians; to convert from radians to degrees, multiply by (180./PI) // Native units of atan(x) are in radians; to convert from radians to degrees, multiply by (180./PI)
   // Redo calculation in radians for error analysis (since derivatives are only true in units of radians).
  
   int computeGamma(float *bz_err, float *bh_err, float *bx, float *by, float *bz, float *bh, int *dims,
 int computeGamma(float *bx, float *by, float *bz, float *bh, int *dims,                   float *mean_gamma_ptr, float *mean_gamma_err_ptr, int *mask, int *bitmask)
                                  float *mean_gamma_ptr, int *mask, int *bitmask)  
 { {
     int nx = dims[0], ny = dims[1];     int nx = dims[0], ny = dims[1];
     int i, j, count_mask=0;     int i, j, count_mask=0;
Line 145  int computeGamma(float *bx, float *by, f
Line 152  int computeGamma(float *bx, float *by, f
     if (nx <= 0 || ny <= 0) return 1;     if (nx <= 0 || ny <= 0) return 1;
  
     *mean_gamma_ptr=0.0;     *mean_gamma_ptr=0.0;
     float sum=0.0;      float sum,err,err_value=0.0;
     int count=0;  
  
         for (i = 0; i < nx; i++)         for (i = 0; i < nx; i++)
           {           {
Line 156  int computeGamma(float *bx, float *by, f
Line 163  int computeGamma(float *bx, float *by, f
                   {                   {
                     if ( mask[j * nx + i] < 70 || bitmask[j * nx + i] < 30 ) continue;                     if ( mask[j * nx + i] < 70 || bitmask[j * nx + i] < 30 ) continue;
                     if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;                     if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;
                     sum += (atan (fabs( bz[j * nx + i] / bh[j * nx + i] ))* (180./PI));                      if isnan(bz_err[j * nx + i]) continue;
                       if isnan(bh_err[j * nx + i]) continue;
                       if (bz[j * nx + i] == 0) continue;
                       sum += (atan(fabs(bz[j * nx + i]/bh[j * nx + i] )))*(180./PI);
                       err += (( sqrt ( ((bz_err[j * nx + i]*bz_err[j * nx + i])/(bz[j * nx + i]*bz[j * nx + i])) + ((bh_err[j * nx + i]*bh_err[j * nx + i])/(bh[j * nx + i]*bh[j * nx + i])))  * fabs(bz[j * nx + i]/bh[j * nx + i]) ) / (1 + (bz[j * nx + i]/bh[j * nx + i])*(bz[j * nx + i]/bh[j * nx + i]))) *(180./PI);
                     count_mask++;                     count_mask++;
                   }                   }
               }               }
           }           }
  
      *mean_gamma_ptr = sum/count_mask;      *mean_gamma_ptr = sum/count_mask;
      printf("*mean_gamma_ptr=%f\n",*mean_gamma_ptr);       *mean_gamma_err_ptr = (sqrt(err*err))/(count_mask*100.); // error in the quantity (sum)/(count_mask)
        printf("MEANGAM=%f\n",*mean_gamma_ptr);
        printf("MEANGAM_err=%f\n",*mean_gamma_err_ptr);
      return 0;      return 0;
 } }
  
Line 171  int computeGamma(float *bx, float *by, f
Line 184  int computeGamma(float *bx, float *by, f
 /* Example function 4: Calculate B_Total*/ /* Example function 4: Calculate B_Total*/
 // Native units of B_Total are in gauss // Native units of B_Total are in gauss
  
 int computeB_total(float *bx, float *by, float *bz, float *bt, int *dims, int *mask, int *bitmask)  int computeB_total(float *bx_err, float *by_err, float *bz_err, float *bt_err, float *bx, float *by, float *bz, float *bt, int *dims, int *mask, int *bitmask)
 { {
  
     int nx = dims[0], ny = dims[1];     int nx = dims[0], ny = dims[1];
Line 187  int computeB_total(float *bx, float *by,
Line 200  int computeB_total(float *bx, float *by,
                 if isnan(by[j * nx + i]) continue;                 if isnan(by[j * nx + i]) continue;
                 if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;                 if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;
                 bt[j * nx + i] = sqrt( bx[j * nx + i]*bx[j * nx + i] + by[j * nx + i]*by[j * nx + i] + bz[j * nx + i]*bz[j * nx + i]);                 bt[j * nx + i] = sqrt( bx[j * nx + i]*bx[j * nx + i] + by[j * nx + i]*by[j * nx + i] + bz[j * nx + i]*bz[j * nx + i]);
                   bt_err[j * nx + i]=sqrt(bx[j * nx + i]*bx[j * nx + i]*bx_err[j * nx + i]*bx_err[j * nx + i] + by[j * nx + i]*by[j * nx + i]*by_err[j * nx + i]*by_err[j * nx + i] + bz[j * nx + i]*bz[j * nx + i]*bz_err[j * nx + i]*bz_err[j * nx + i] )/bt[j * nx + i];
               }               }
           }           }
      return 0;      return 0;
Line 195  int computeB_total(float *bx, float *by,
Line 209  int computeB_total(float *bx, float *by,
 /*===========================================*/ /*===========================================*/
 /* Example function 5:  Derivative of B_Total SQRT( (dBt/dx)^2 + (dBt/dy)^2 ) */ /* Example function 5:  Derivative of B_Total SQRT( (dBt/dx)^2 + (dBt/dy)^2 ) */
  
 int computeBtotalderivative(float *bt, int *dims, float *mean_derivative_btotal_ptr, int *mask, int *bitmask, float *derx_bt, float *dery_bt)  int computeBtotalderivative(float *bt, int *dims, float *mean_derivative_btotal_ptr, int *mask, int *bitmask, float *derx_bt, float *dery_bt, float *bt_err, float *mean_derivative_btotal_err_ptr)
 { {
  
     int nx = dims[0], ny = dims[1];     int nx = dims[0], ny = dims[1];
Line 204  int computeBtotalderivative(float *bt, i
Line 218  int computeBtotalderivative(float *bt, i
     if (nx <= 0 || ny <= 0) return 1;     if (nx <= 0 || ny <= 0) return 1;
  
     *mean_derivative_btotal_ptr = 0.0;     *mean_derivative_btotal_ptr = 0.0;
     float sum = 0.0;      float sum, err = 0.0;
  
  
         /* brute force method of calculating the derivative (no consideration for edges) */         /* brute force method of calculating the derivative (no consideration for edges) */
         for (i = 1; i <= nx-2; i++)          for (i = 3; i <= nx-4; i++)
           {           {
             for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)             for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)
               {               {
                 derx_bt[j * nx + i] = (bt[j * nx + i+1] - bt[j * nx + i-1])*0.5;                   derx_bt[j * nx + i] = (-bt[j * nx + (i-3)] + 9.0*bt[j * nx + (i-2)] - 45.0*bt[j * nx + (i-1)] + 45*bt[j * nx + (i+1)] - 9.0*bt[j * nx + (i+2)] + bt[j * nx + (i+3)])*(1.0/60.0);
               }               }
           }           }
  
         /* brute force method of calculating the derivative (no consideration for edges) */         /* brute force method of calculating the derivative (no consideration for edges) */
         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)
           {           {
             for (j = 1; j <= ny-2; j++)              for (j = 3; j <= ny-4; j++)
               {               {
                 dery_bt[j * nx + i] = (bt[(j+1) * nx + i] - bt[(j-1) * nx + i])*0.5;                   dery_bt[j * nx + i] = (-bt[(j-3) * nx + i] + 9.0*bt[(j-2) * nx + i] - 45.0*bt[(j-1) * nx + i] + 45*bt[(j+1) * nx + i] - 9.0*bt[(j+2) * nx + i] + bt[(j+3) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
               }               }
           }           }
  
  
         /* consider the edges */          /* consider the edges: 3 pixels on each edge, for a total of 12 edge formulae below */
         i=0;         i=0;
         for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)         for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)
           {           {
              derx_bt[j * nx + i] = ( (-3*bt[j * nx + i]) + (4*bt[j * nx + (i+1)]) - (bt[j * nx + (i+2)]) )*0.5;               derx_bt[j * nx + i] = (-147.0*bt[j * nx + i] + 360.0*bt[j * nx + (i+1)] - 450.0*bt[j * nx + (i+2)] + 400.0*bt[j * nx + (i+3)] - 225.0*bt[j * nx + (i+4)] + 72.0*bt[j * nx + (i+5)] - 10.0*bt[j * nx + (i+6)])*(1.0/60.0);
           }           }
  
         i=nx-1;         i=nx-1;
         for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)         for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)
           {           {
              derx_bt[j * nx + i] = ( (3*bt[j * nx + i]) + (-4*bt[j * nx + (i-1)]) - (-bt[j * nx + (i-2)]) )*0.5;               derx_bt[j * nx + i] = ( 147.0*bt[j * nx + i] - 360.0*bt[j * nx + (i-1)] + 450.0*bt[j * nx + (i-2)] - 400.0*bt[j * nx + (i-3)] + 225.0*bt[j * nx + (i-4)] - 72.0*bt[j * nx + (i-5)] + 10.0*bt[j * nx + (i-6)])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
   
           i=1;
           for (j = 0; j <= ny-2; j++)
             {
                derx_bt[j * nx + i] = (-10.0*bt[j * nx + i] - 77.0*bt[j * nx + (i+1)] + 150.0*bt[j * nx + (i+2)] - 100.0*bt[j * nx + (i+3)] + 50.0*bt[j * nx + (i+4)] - 15.0*bt[j * nx + (i+5)] + 2.0*bt[j * nx + (i+6)])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
           i=nx-2;
           for (j = 0; j <= ny-2; j++)
             {
                derx_bt[j * nx + i] = ( 10.0*bt[j * nx + i] + 77.0*bt[j * nx + (i-1)] - 150.0*bt[j * nx + (i-2)] + 100.0*bt[j * nx + (i-3)] - 50.0*bt[j * nx + (i-4)] + 15.0*bt[j * nx + (i-5)] - 2.0*bt[j * nx + (i-6)])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
   
           i=2;
           for (j = 0; j <= ny-2; j++)
             {
                derx_bt[j * nx + i] = ( 2.0*bt[j * nx + i] - 24.0*bt[j * nx + (i+1)] - 35.0*bt[j * nx + (i+2)] + 80.0*bt[j * nx + (i+3)] - 30.0*bt[j * nx + (i+4)] + 8.0*bt[j * nx + (i+5)] - bt[j * nx + (i+6)])*(1.0/60.0);
           }           }
  
           i=nx-3;
           for (j = 0; j <= ny-2; j++)
             {
                derx_bt[j * nx + i] = (-2.0*bt[j * nx + i] + 24.0*bt[j * nx + (i-1)] + 35.0*bt[j * nx + (i-2)] - 80.0*bt[j * nx + (i-3)] + 30.0*bt[j * nx + (i-4)] - 8.0*bt[j * nx + (i-5)] + bt[j * nx + (i-6)])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
   
         j=0;         j=0;
         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)
           {           {
              dery_bt[j * nx + i] = ( (-3*bt[j*nx + i]) + (4*bt[(j+1) * nx + i]) - (bt[(j+2) * nx + i]) )*0.5;               dery_bt[j * nx + i] = (-147.0*bt[j * nx + i] + 360.0*bt[(j+1) * nx + i] - 450.0*bt[(j+2) * nx + i] + 400.0*bt[(j+3) * nx + i] - 225.0*bt[(j+4) * nx + i] + 72.0*bt[(j+5) * nx + i] - 10.0*bt[(j+6) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
           }           }
  
         j=ny-1;         j=ny-1;
         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)
           {           {
              dery_bt[j * nx + i] = ( (3*bt[j * nx + i]) + (-4*bt[(j-1) * nx + i]) - (-bt[(j-2) * nx + i]) )*0.5;               dery_bt[j * nx + i] = ( 147.0*bt[j * nx + i] - 360.0*bt[(j-1) * nx + i] + 450.0*bt[(j-2) * nx + i] - 400.0*bt[(j-3) * nx + i] + 225.0*bt[(j-4) * nx + i] - 72.0*bt[(j-5) * nx + i] + 10.0*bt[(j-6) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
           j=1;
           for (i = 0; i <= nx-2; i++)
             {
                dery_bt[j * nx + i] = (-10.0*bt[j * nx + i] - 77.0*bt[(j+1) * nx + i] + 150.0*bt[(j+2) * nx + i] - 100.0*bt[(j+3) * nx + i] + 50.0*bt[(j+4) * nx + i] - 15.0*bt[(j+5) * nx + i] + 2.0*bt[(j+6) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
           j=ny-2;
           for (i = 0; i <= nx-2; i++)
             {
                dery_bt[j * nx + i] = ( 10.0*bt[j * nx + i] + 77.0*bt[(j-1) * nx + i] - 150.0*bt[(j-2) * nx + i] + 100.0*bt[(j-3) * nx + i] - 50.0*bt[(j-4) * nx + i] + 15.0*bt[(j-5) * nx + i] - 2.0*bt[(j-6) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
           j=2;
           for (i = 0; i <= nx-3; i++)
             {
                dery_bt[j * nx + i] = ( 2.0*bt[j * nx + i] - 24.0*bt[(j+1) * nx + i] - 35.0*bt[(j+2) * nx + i] + 80.0*bt[(j+3) * nx + i] - 30.0*bt[(j+4) * nx + i] + 8.0*bt[(j+5) * nx + i] - bt[(j+6) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
           j=ny-3;
           for (i = 0; i <= nx-3; i++)
             {
                dery_bt[j * nx + i] = (-2.0*bt[j * nx + i] + 24.0*bt[(j-1) * nx + i] + 35.0*bt[(j-2) * nx + i] - 80.0*bt[(j-3) * nx + i] + 30.0*bt[(j-4) * nx + i] - 8.0*bt[(j-5) * nx + i] + bt[(j-6) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
           }           }
  
  
Line 260  int computeBtotalderivative(float *bt, i
Line 325  int computeBtotalderivative(float *bt, i
                if isnan(derx_bt[j * nx + i]) continue;                if isnan(derx_bt[j * nx + i]) continue;
                if isnan(dery_bt[j * nx + i]) continue;                if isnan(dery_bt[j * nx + i]) continue;
                sum += sqrt( derx_bt[j * nx + i]*derx_bt[j * nx + i]  + dery_bt[j * nx + i]*dery_bt[j * nx + i]  ); /* Units of Gauss */                sum += sqrt( derx_bt[j * nx + i]*derx_bt[j * nx + i]  + dery_bt[j * nx + i]*dery_bt[j * nx + i]  ); /* Units of Gauss */
                  err += (2.0)*bt_err[j * nx + i]*bt_err[j * nx + i];
                count_mask++;                count_mask++;
             }             }
           }           }
  
         *mean_derivative_btotal_ptr = (sum)/(count_mask); // would be divided by ((nx-2)*(ny-2)) if shape of count_mask = shape of magnetogram         *mean_derivative_btotal_ptr = (sum)/(count_mask); // would be divided by ((nx-2)*(ny-2)) if shape of count_mask = shape of magnetogram
         printf("*mean_derivative_btotal_ptr=%f\n",*mean_derivative_btotal_ptr);          *mean_derivative_btotal_err_ptr = (sqrt(err))/(count_mask); // error in the quantity (sum)/(count_mask)
           printf("MEANGBT=%f\n",*mean_derivative_btotal_ptr);
           printf("MEANGBT_err=%f\n",*mean_derivative_btotal_err_ptr);
         return 0;         return 0;
 } }
  
Line 273  int computeBtotalderivative(float *bt, i
Line 341  int computeBtotalderivative(float *bt, i
 /*===========================================*/ /*===========================================*/
 /* Example function 6:  Derivative of Bh SQRT( (dBh/dx)^2 + (dBh/dy)^2 ) */ /* Example function 6:  Derivative of Bh SQRT( (dBh/dx)^2 + (dBh/dy)^2 ) */
  
 int computeBhderivative(float *bh, int *dims, float *mean_derivative_bh_ptr, int *mask, int *bitmask, float *derx_bh, float *dery_bh)  int computeBhderivative(float *bh, float *bh_err, int *dims, float *mean_derivative_bh_ptr, float *mean_derivative_bh_err_ptr, int *mask, int *bitmask, float *derx_bh, float *dery_bh)
 { {
  
         int nx = dims[0], ny = dims[1];         int nx = dims[0], ny = dims[1];
Line 282  int computeBhderivative(float *bh, int *
Line 350  int computeBhderivative(float *bh, int *
         if (nx <= 0 || ny <= 0) return 1;         if (nx <= 0 || ny <= 0) return 1;
  
         *mean_derivative_bh_ptr = 0.0;         *mean_derivative_bh_ptr = 0.0;
         float sum = 0.0;          float sum,err = 0.0;
  
         /* brute force method of calculating the derivative (no consideration for edges) */         /* brute force method of calculating the derivative (no consideration for edges) */
         for (i = 1; i <= nx-2; i++)          for (i = 3; i <= nx-4; i++)
           {           {
             for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)             for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)
               {               {
                 derx_bh[j * nx + i] = (bh[j * nx + i+1] - bh[j * nx + i-1])*0.5;                   derx_bh[j * nx + i] = (-bh[j * nx + (i-3)] + 9.0*bh[j * nx + (i-2)] - 45.0*bh[j * nx + (i-1)] + 45*bh[j * nx + (i+1)] - 9.0*bh[j * nx + (i+2)] + bh[j * nx + (i+3)])*(1.0/60.0);
               }               }
           }           }
  
         /* brute force method of calculating the derivative (no consideration for edges) */         /* brute force method of calculating the derivative (no consideration for edges) */
         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)
           {           {
             for (j = 1; j <= ny-2; j++)              for (j = 3; j <= ny-4; j++)
               {               {
                 dery_bh[j * nx + i] = (bh[(j+1) * nx + i] - bh[(j-1) * nx + i])*0.5;                   dery_bh[j * nx + i] = (-bh[(j-3) * nx + i] + 9.0*bh[(j-2) * nx + i] - 45.0*bh[(j-1) * nx + i] + 45*bh[(j+1) * nx + i] - 9.0*bh[(j+2) * nx + i] + bh[(j+3) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
               }               }
           }           }
  
  
         /* consider the edges */          /* consider the edges: 3 pixels on each edge, for a total of 12 edge formulae below */
         i=0;         i=0;
         for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)         for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)
           {           {
              derx_bh[j * nx + i] = ( (-3*bh[j * nx + i]) + (4*bh[j * nx + (i+1)]) - (bh[j * nx + (i+2)]) )*0.5;               derx_bh[j * nx + i] = (-147.0*bh[j * nx + i] + 360.0*bh[j * nx + (i+1)] - 450.0*bh[j * nx + (i+2)] + 400.0*bh[j * nx + (i+3)] - 225.0*bh[j * nx + (i+4)] + 72.0*bh[j * nx + (i+5)] - 10.0*bh[j * nx + (i+6)])*(1.0/60.0);
           }           }
  
         i=nx-1;         i=nx-1;
         for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)         for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)
           {           {
              derx_bh[j * nx + i] = ( (3*bh[j * nx + i]) + (-4*bh[j * nx + (i-1)]) - (-bh[j * nx + (i-2)]) )*0.5;               derx_bh[j * nx + i] = ( 147.0*bh[j * nx + i] - 360.0*bh[j * nx + (i-1)] + 450.0*bh[j * nx + (i-2)] - 400.0*bh[j * nx + (i-3)] + 225.0*bh[j * nx + (i-4)] - 72.0*bh[j * nx + (i-5)] + 10.0*bh[j * nx + (i-6)])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
   
           i=1;
           for (j = 0; j <= ny-2; j++)
             {
                derx_bh[j * nx + i] = (-10.0*bh[j * nx + i] - 77.0*bh[j * nx + (i+1)] + 150.0*bh[j * nx + (i+2)] - 100.0*bh[j * nx + (i+3)] + 50.0*bh[j * nx + (i+4)] - 15.0*bh[j * nx + (i+5)] + 2.0*bh[j * nx + (i+6)])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
           i=nx-2;
           for (j = 0; j <= ny-2; j++)
             {
                derx_bh[j * nx + i] = ( 10.0*bh[j * nx + i] + 77.0*bh[j * nx + (i-1)] - 150.0*bh[j * nx + (i-2)] + 100.0*bh[j * nx + (i-3)] - 50.0*bh[j * nx + (i-4)] + 15.0*bh[j * nx + (i-5)] - 2.0*bh[j * nx + (i-6)])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
   
           i=2;
           for (j = 0; j <= ny-2; j++)
             {
                derx_bh[j * nx + i] = ( 2.0*bh[j * nx + i] - 24.0*bh[j * nx + (i+1)] - 35.0*bh[j * nx + (i+2)] + 80.0*bh[j * nx + (i+3)] - 30.0*bh[j * nx + (i+4)] + 8.0*bh[j * nx + (i+5)] - bh[j * nx + (i+6)])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
           i=nx-3;
           for (j = 0; j <= ny-2; j++)
             {
                derx_bh[j * nx + i] = (-2.0*bh[j * nx + i] + 24.0*bh[j * nx + (i-1)] + 35.0*bh[j * nx + (i-2)] - 80.0*bh[j * nx + (i-3)] + 30.0*bh[j * nx + (i-4)] - 8.0*bh[j * nx + (i-5)] + bh[j * nx + (i-6)])*(1.0/60.0);
           }           }
  
   
         j=0;         j=0;
         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)
           {           {
              dery_bh[j * nx + i] = ( (-3*bh[j*nx + i]) + (4*bh[(j+1) * nx + i]) - (bh[(j+2) * nx + i]) )*0.5;               dery_bh[j * nx + i] = (-147.0*bh[j * nx + i] + 360.0*bh[(j+1) * nx + i] - 450.0*bh[(j+2) * nx + i] + 400.0*bh[(j+3) * nx + i] - 225.0*bh[(j+4) * nx + i] + 72.0*bh[(j+5) * nx + i] - 10.0*bh[(j+6) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
           }           }
  
         j=ny-1;         j=ny-1;
         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)
           {           {
              dery_bh[j * nx + i] = ( (3*bh[j * nx + i]) + (-4*bh[(j-1) * nx + i]) - (-bh[(j-2) * nx + i]) )*0.5;               dery_bh[j * nx + i] = ( 147.0*bh[j * nx + i] - 360.0*bh[(j-1) * nx + i] + 450.0*bh[(j-2) * nx + i] - 400.0*bh[(j-3) * nx + i] + 225.0*bh[(j-4) * nx + i] - 72.0*bh[(j-5) * nx + i] + 10.0*bh[(j-6) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
           j=1;
           for (i = 0; i <= nx-2; i++)
             {
                dery_bh[j * nx + i] = (-10.0*bh[j * nx + i] - 77.0*bh[(j+1) * nx + i] + 150.0*bh[(j+2) * nx + i] - 100.0*bh[(j+3) * nx + i] + 50.0*bh[(j+4) * nx + i] - 15.0*bh[(j+5) * nx + i] + 2.0*bh[(j+6) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
           j=ny-2;
           for (i = 0; i <= nx-2; i++)
             {
                dery_bh[j * nx + i] = ( 10.0*bh[j * nx + i] + 77.0*bh[(j-1) * nx + i] - 150.0*bh[(j-2) * nx + i] + 100.0*bh[(j-3) * nx + i] - 50.0*bh[(j-4) * nx + i] + 15.0*bh[(j-5) * nx + i] - 2.0*bh[(j-6) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
           j=2;
           for (i = 0; i <= nx-3; i++)
             {
                dery_bh[j * nx + i] = ( 2.0*bh[j * nx + i] - 24.0*bh[(j+1) * nx + i] - 35.0*bh[(j+2) * nx + i] + 80.0*bh[(j+3) * nx + i] - 30.0*bh[(j+4) * nx + i] + 8.0*bh[(j+5) * nx + i] - bh[(j+6) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
           j=ny-3;
           for (i = 0; i <= nx-3; i++)
             {
                dery_bh[j * nx + i] = (-2.0*bh[j * nx + i] + 24.0*bh[(j-1) * nx + i] + 35.0*bh[(j-2) * nx + i] - 80.0*bh[(j-3) * nx + i] + 30.0*bh[(j-4) * nx + i] - 8.0*bh[(j-5) * nx + i] + bh[(j-6) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
           }           }
  
  
Line 337  int computeBhderivative(float *bh, int *
Line 456  int computeBhderivative(float *bh, int *
                if isnan(derx_bh[j * nx + i]) continue;                if isnan(derx_bh[j * nx + i]) continue;
                if isnan(dery_bh[j * nx + i]) continue;                if isnan(dery_bh[j * nx + i]) continue;
                sum += sqrt( derx_bh[j * nx + i]*derx_bh[j * nx + i]  + dery_bh[j * nx + i]*dery_bh[j * nx + i]  ); /* Units of Gauss */                sum += sqrt( derx_bh[j * nx + i]*derx_bh[j * nx + i]  + dery_bh[j * nx + i]*dery_bh[j * nx + i]  ); /* Units of Gauss */
                  err += (2.0)*bh_err[j * nx + i]*bh_err[j * nx + i];
                count_mask++;                count_mask++;
             }             }
           }           }
  
         *mean_derivative_bh_ptr = (sum)/(count_mask); // would be divided by ((nx-2)*(ny-2)) if shape of count_mask = shape of magnetogram         *mean_derivative_bh_ptr = (sum)/(count_mask); // would be divided by ((nx-2)*(ny-2)) if shape of count_mask = shape of magnetogram
           *mean_derivative_bh_err_ptr = (sqrt(err))/(count_mask); // error in the quantity (sum)/(count_mask)
           printf("MEANGBH=%f\n",*mean_derivative_bh_ptr);
           printf("MEANGBH_err=%f\n",*mean_derivative_bh_err_ptr);
   
         return 0;         return 0;
 } }
  
 /*===========================================*/ /*===========================================*/
 /* Example function 7:  Derivative of B_vertical SQRT( (dBz/dx)^2 + (dBz/dy)^2 ) */ /* Example function 7:  Derivative of B_vertical SQRT( (dBz/dx)^2 + (dBz/dy)^2 ) */
  
 int computeBzderivative(float *bz, int *dims, float *mean_derivative_bz_ptr, int *mask, int *bitmask, float *derx_bz, float *dery_bz)  int computeBzderivative(float *bz, float *bz_err, int *dims, float *mean_derivative_bz_ptr, float *mean_derivative_bz_err_ptr, int *mask, int *bitmask, float *derx_bz, float *dery_bz)
 { {
  
         int nx = dims[0], ny = dims[1];         int nx = dims[0], ny = dims[1];
Line 357  int computeBzderivative(float *bz, int *
Line 481  int computeBzderivative(float *bz, int *
         if (nx <= 0 || ny <= 0) return 1;         if (nx <= 0 || ny <= 0) return 1;
  
         *mean_derivative_bz_ptr = 0.0;         *mean_derivative_bz_ptr = 0.0;
         float sum = 0.0;          float sum,err = 0.0;
   
  
         /* brute force method of calculating the derivative (no consideration for edges) */         /* brute force method of calculating the derivative (no consideration for edges) */
         for (i = 1; i <= nx-2; i++)          for (i = 3; i <= nx-4; i++)
           {           {
             for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)             for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)
               {               {
                 if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;                 if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;
                 derx_bz[j * nx + i] = (bz[j * nx + i+1] - bz[j * nx + i-1])*0.5;                   derx_bz[j * nx + i] = (-bz[j * nx + (i-3)] + 9.0*bz[j * nx + (i-2)] - 45.0*bz[j * nx + (i-1)] + 45*bz[j * nx + (i+1)] - 9.0*bz[j * nx + (i+2)] + bz[j * nx + (i+3)])*(1.0/60.0);
               }               }
           }           }
  
         /* brute force method of calculating the derivative (no consideration for edges) */         /* brute force method of calculating the derivative (no consideration for edges) */
         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)
           {           {
             for (j = 1; j <= ny-2; j++)              for (j = 3; j <= ny-4; j++)
               {               {
                 if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;                 if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;
                 dery_bz[j * nx + i] = (bz[(j+1) * nx + i] - bz[(j-1) * nx + i])*0.5;                   dery_bz[j * nx + i] = (-bz[(j-3) * nx + i] + 9.0*bz[(j-2) * nx + i] - 45.0*bz[(j-1) * nx + i] + 45*bz[(j+1) * nx + i] - 9.0*bz[(j+2) * nx + i] + bz[(j+3) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
               }               }
           }           }
  
  
         /* consider the edges */          /* consider the edges: 3 pixels on each edge, for a total of 12 edge formulae below */
         i=0;         i=0;
         for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)         for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)
           {           {
              if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;              if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;
              derx_bz[j * nx + i] = ( (-3*bz[j * nx + i]) + (4*bz[j * nx + (i+1)]) - (bz[j * nx + (i+2)]) )*0.5;               derx_bz[j * nx + i] = (-147.0*bz[j * nx + i] + 360.0*bz[j * nx + (i+1)] - 450.0*bz[j * nx + (i+2)] + 400.0*bz[j * nx + (i+3)] - 225.0*bz[j * nx + (i+4)] + 72.0*bz[j * nx + (i+5)] - 10.0*bz[j * nx + (i+6)])*(1.0/60.0);
           }           }
  
         i=nx-1;         i=nx-1;
         for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)         for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)
           {           {
              if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;              if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;
              derx_bz[j * nx + i] = ( (3*bz[j * nx + i]) + (-4*bz[j * nx + (i-1)]) - (-bz[j * nx + (i-2)]) )*0.5;               derx_bz[j * nx + i] = ( 147.0*bz[j * nx + i] - 360.0*bz[j * nx + (i-1)] + 450.0*bz[j * nx + (i-2)] - 400.0*bz[j * nx + (i-3)] + 225.0*bz[j * nx + (i-4)] - 72.0*bz[j * nx + (i-5)] + 10.0*bz[j * nx + (i-6)])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
   
           i=1;
           for (j = 0; j <= ny-2; j++)
             {
                if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;
                derx_bz[j * nx + i] = (-10.0*bz[j * nx + i] - 77.0*bz[j * nx + (i+1)] + 150.0*bz[j * nx + (i+2)] - 100.0*bz[j * nx + (i+3)] + 50.0*bz[j * nx + (i+4)] - 15.0*bz[j * nx + (i+5)] + 2.0*bz[j * nx + (i+6)])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
           i=nx-2;
           for (j = 0; j <= ny-2; j++)
             {
                if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;
                derx_bz[j * nx + i] = ( 10.0*bz[j * nx + i] + 77.0*bz[j * nx + (i-1)] - 150.0*bz[j * nx + (i-2)] + 100.0*bz[j * nx + (i-3)] - 50.0*bz[j * nx + (i-4)] + 15.0*bz[j * nx + (i-5)] - 2.0*bz[j * nx + (i-6)])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
   
           i=2;
           for (j = 0; j <= ny-2; j++)
             {
                if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;
                derx_bz[j * nx + i] = ( 2.0*bz[j * nx + i] - 24.0*bz[j * nx + (i+1)] - 35.0*bz[j * nx + (i+2)] + 80.0*bz[j * nx + (i+3)] - 30.0*bz[j * nx + (i+4)] + 8.0*bz[j * nx + (i+5)] - bz[j * nx + (i+6)])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
           i=nx-3;
           for (j = 0; j <= ny-2; j++)
             {
                if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;
                derx_bz[j * nx + i] = (-2.0*bz[j * nx + i] + 24.0*bz[j * nx + (i-1)] + 35.0*bz[j * nx + (i-2)] - 80.0*bz[j * nx + (i-3)] + 30.0*bz[j * nx + (i-4)] - 8.0*bz[j * nx + (i-5)] + bz[j * nx + (i-6)])*(1.0/60.0);
           }           }
  
   
         j=0;         j=0;
         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)
           {           {
              if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;              if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;
              dery_bz[j * nx + i] = ( (-3*bz[j*nx + i]) + (4*bz[(j+1) * nx + i]) - (bz[(j+2) * nx + i]) )*0.5;               dery_bz[j * nx + i] = (-147.0*bz[j * nx + i] + 360.0*bz[(j+1) * nx + i] - 450.0*bz[(j+2) * nx + i] + 400.0*bz[(j+3) * nx + i] - 225.0*bz[(j+4) * nx + i] + 72.0*bz[(j+5) * nx + i] - 10.0*bz[(j+6) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
           }           }
  
         j=ny-1;         j=ny-1;
         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)
           {           {
              if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;              if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;
              dery_bz[j * nx + i] = ( (3*bz[j * nx + i]) + (-4*bz[(j-1) * nx + i]) - (-bz[(j-2) * nx + i]) )*0.5;               dery_bz[j * nx + i] = ( 147.0*bz[j * nx + i] - 360.0*bz[(j-1) * nx + i] + 450.0*bz[(j-2) * nx + i] - 400.0*bz[(j-3) * nx + i] + 225.0*bz[(j-4) * nx + i] - 72.0*bz[(j-5) * nx + i] + 10.0*bz[(j-6) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
           j=1;
           for (i = 0; i <= nx-2; i++)
             {
                if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;
                dery_bz[j * nx + i] = (-10.0*bz[j * nx + i] - 77.0*bz[(j+1) * nx + i] + 150.0*bz[(j+2) * nx + i] - 100.0*bz[(j+3) * nx + i] + 50.0*bz[(j+4) * nx + i] - 15.0*bz[(j+5) * nx + i] + 2.0*bz[(j+6) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
           j=ny-2;
           for (i = 0; i <= nx-2; i++)
             {
                if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;
                dery_bz[j * nx + i] = ( 10.0*bz[j * nx + i] + 77.0*bz[(j-1) * nx + i] - 150.0*bz[(j-2) * nx + i] + 100.0*bz[(j-3) * nx + i] - 50.0*bz[(j-4) * nx + i] + 15.0*bz[(j-5) * nx + i] - 2.0*bz[(j-6) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
           j=2;
           for (i = 0; i <= nx-3; i++)
             {
                if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;
                dery_bz[j * nx + i] = ( 2.0*bz[j * nx + i] - 24.0*bz[(j+1) * nx + i] - 35.0*bz[(j+2) * nx + i] + 80.0*bz[(j+3) * nx + i] - 30.0*bz[(j+4) * nx + i] + 8.0*bz[(j+5) * nx + i] - bz[(j+6) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
           j=ny-3;
           for (i = 0; i <= nx-3; i++)
             {
                if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;
                dery_bz[j * nx + i] = (-2.0*bz[j * nx + i] + 24.0*bz[(j-1) * nx + i] + 35.0*bz[(j-2) * nx + i] - 80.0*bz[(j-3) * nx + i] + 30.0*bz[(j-4) * nx + i] - 8.0*bz[(j-5) * nx + i] + bz[(j-6) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
           }           }
  
  
Line 417  int computeBzderivative(float *bz, int *
Line 601  int computeBzderivative(float *bz, int *
                // if ( (derx_bz[j * nx + i]-dery_bz[j * nx + i]) == 0) continue;                // if ( (derx_bz[j * nx + i]-dery_bz[j * nx + i]) == 0) continue;
                if ( mask[j * nx + i] < 70 || bitmask[j * nx + i] < 30 ) continue;                if ( mask[j * nx + i] < 70 || bitmask[j * nx + i] < 30 ) continue;
                if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;                if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;
                  //if isnan(bz_err[j * nx + i]) continue;
                if isnan(derx_bz[j * nx + i]) continue;                if isnan(derx_bz[j * nx + i]) continue;
                if isnan(dery_bz[j * nx + i]) continue;                if isnan(dery_bz[j * nx + i]) continue;
                sum += sqrt( derx_bz[j * nx + i]*derx_bz[j * nx + i]  + dery_bz[j * nx + i]*dery_bz[j * nx + i]  ); /* Units of Gauss */                sum += sqrt( derx_bz[j * nx + i]*derx_bz[j * nx + i]  + dery_bz[j * nx + i]*dery_bz[j * nx + i]  ); /* Units of Gauss */
                  err += 2.0*bz_err[j * nx + i]*bz_err[j * nx + i];
                count_mask++;                count_mask++;
             }             }
           }           }
  
         *mean_derivative_bz_ptr = (sum)/(count_mask); // would be divided by ((nx-2)*(ny-2)) if shape of count_mask = shape of magnetogram         *mean_derivative_bz_ptr = (sum)/(count_mask); // would be divided by ((nx-2)*(ny-2)) if shape of count_mask = shape of magnetogram
           *mean_derivative_bz_err_ptr = (sqrt(err))/(count_mask); // error in the quantity (sum)/(count_mask)
           printf("MEANGBZ=%f\n",*mean_derivative_bz_ptr);
           printf("MEANGBZ_err=%f\n",*mean_derivative_bz_err_ptr);
   
         return 0;         return 0;
 } }
  
 /*===========================================*/ /*===========================================*/
   
 /* Example function 8:  Current Jz = (dBy/dx) - (dBx/dy) */ /* Example function 8:  Current Jz = (dBy/dx) - (dBx/dy) */
  
 //  In discretized space like data pixels, //  In discretized space like data pixels,
Line 436  int computeBzderivative(float *bz, int *
Line 627  int computeBzderivative(float *bz, int *
 //  the integration of the field Bx and By along //  the integration of the field Bx and By along
 //  the circumference of the data pixel divided by the area of the pixel. //  the circumference of the data pixel divided by the area of the pixel.
 //  One form of differencing (a word for the differential operator //  One form of differencing (a word for the differential operator
 //  in the discretized space) of the curl is expressed as  //  in the discretized space) of the curl is expressed as the following,
   //  which utilizes a second-order finite difference method:
   
 //  (dx * (Bx(i,j-1)+Bx(i,j)) / 2 //  (dx * (Bx(i,j-1)+Bx(i,j)) / 2
 //  +dy * (By(i+1,j)+By(i,j)) / 2 //  +dy * (By(i+1,j)+By(i,j)) / 2
 //  -dx * (Bx(i,j+1)+Bx(i,j)) / 2 //  -dx * (Bx(i,j+1)+Bx(i,j)) / 2
 //  -dy * (By(i-1,j)+By(i,j)) / 2) / (dx * dy) //  -dy * (By(i-1,j)+By(i,j)) / 2) / (dx * dy)
 // //
 // //
   //  However, for the purposes of this calculation, we will use a sixth-order finite difference
   //  method taken from the pencil code:
   //
   //  dBy/dx = (    -By*(i-3,j) + 9By(i-2,j) - 45By(i-1,j) + 45By(i+1,j) - 9By(i+2,j) + By(i+3,j)    )/ 60
   //  and similarly for dBx/dy.
   //
 //  To change units from Gauss/pixel to mA/m^2 (the units for Jz in Leka and Barnes, 2003), //  To change units from Gauss/pixel to mA/m^2 (the units for Jz in Leka and Barnes, 2003),
 //  one must perform the following unit conversions: //  one must perform the following unit conversions:
 //  (Gauss/pix)(pix/arcsec)(arcsec/meter)(Newton/Gauss*Ampere*meter)(Ampere^2/Newton)(milliAmpere/Ampere), or  //  (Gauss)(1/arcsec)(arcsec/meter)(Newton/Gauss*Ampere*meter)(Ampere^2/Newton)(milliAmpere/Ampere), or
 //  (Gauss/pix)(1/CDELT1)(RSUN_OBS/RSUN_REF)(1 T / 10^4 Gauss)(1 / 4*PI*10^-7)( 10^3 milliAmpere/Ampere),  //  (Gauss)(1/CDELT1)(RSUN_OBS/RSUN_REF)(1 T / 10^4 Gauss)(1 / 4*PI*10^-7)( 10^3 milliAmpere/Ampere), or
   //  (Gauss)(1/CDELT1)(RSUN_OBS/RSUN_REF)(0.00010)(1/MUNAUGHT)(1000.),
 //  where a Tesla is represented as a Newton/Ampere*meter. //  where a Tesla is represented as a Newton/Ampere*meter.
 // //
 //  As an order of magnitude estimate, we can assign 0.5 to CDELT1 and 722500m/arcsec to (RSUN_REF/RSUN_OBS). //  As an order of magnitude estimate, we can assign 0.5 to CDELT1 and 722500m/arcsec to (RSUN_REF/RSUN_OBS).
Line 455  int computeBzderivative(float *bz, int *
Line 655  int computeBzderivative(float *bz, int *
 //  jz * (35.0) //  jz * (35.0)
 // //
 //  The units of total unsigned vertical current (us_i) are simply in A. In this case, we would have the following: //  The units of total unsigned vertical current (us_i) are simply in A. In this case, we would have the following:
 //  (Gauss/pix)(1/CDELT1)(RSUN_OBS/RSUN_REF)(0.00010)(1/MUNAUGHT)(RSUN_REF/RSUN_OBS)(RSUN_REF/RSUN_OBS)(1000.)  //  (Gauss/pix)(1/CDELT1)(RSUN_OBS/RSUN_REF)(0.00010)(1/MUNAUGHT)(CDELT1)(CDELT1)(RSUN_REF/RSUN_OBS)(RSUN_REF/RSUN_OBS)
 //  =(Gauss/pix)(1/CDELT1)(0.0010)(1/MUNAUGHT)(RSUN_REF/RSUN_OBS)(1000.)  //  = (Gauss/pix)(0.00010)(1/MUNAUGHT)(CDELT1)(RSUN_REF/RSUN_OBS)
 //  =(Gauss/pix)(1/0.5)(10^-4)(4*PI*10^7)(722500)(1000.)  
 //  =(Gauss/pix)(1/CDELT1)(0.00010)(1/MUNAUGHT)(RSUN_REF/RSUN_OBS)(1000.)  
  
 int computeJz(float *bx, float *by, int *dims, float *jz,  
                          int *mask, int *bitmask,  
                          float cdelt1, double rsun_ref, double rsun_obs,float *derx, float *dery)  
  
   // Comment out random number generator, which can only run on solar3
   //int computeJz(float *bx_err, float *by_err, float *bx, float *by, int *dims, float *jz, float *jz_err, float *jz_err_squared,
   //            int *mask, int *bitmask, float cdelt1, double rsun_ref, double rsun_obs,float *derx, float *dery, float *noisebx,
   //              float *noiseby, float *noisebz)
  
  
 {  int computeJz(float *bx_err, float *by_err, float *bx, float *by, int *dims, float *jz, float *jz_err, float *jz_err_squared,
                 int *mask, int *bitmask, float cdelt1, double rsun_ref, double rsun_obs,float *derx, float *dery)
   
  
   {
         int nx = dims[0], ny = dims[1];         int nx = dims[0], ny = dims[1];
         int i, j, count_mask=0;         int i, j, count_mask=0;
           printf("nx=%d\n",nx);
           printf("ny=%d\n",ny);
         if (nx <= 0 || ny <= 0) return 1;         if (nx <= 0 || ny <= 0) return 1;
         float curl=0.0, us_i=0.0,test_perimeter=0.0,mean_curl=0.0;         float curl=0.0, us_i=0.0,test_perimeter=0.0,mean_curl=0.0;
  
           /* Calculate the derivative*/
         /* brute force method of calculating the derivative (no consideration for edges) */         /* brute force method of calculating the derivative (no consideration for edges) */
         for (i = 1; i <= nx-2; i++)          for (i = 3; i <= nx-4; i++)
           {           {
             for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)             for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)
               {               {
                  if isnan(by[j * nx + i]) continue;                  if isnan(by[j * nx + i]) continue;
                  derx[j * nx + i] = (by[j * nx + i+1] - by[j * nx + i-1])*0.5;                   derx[j * nx + i] = (-by[j * nx + (i-3)] + 9.0*by[j * nx + (i-2)] - 45.0*by[j * nx + (i-1)] + 45*by[j * nx + (i+1)] - 9.0*by[j * nx + (i+2)] + by[j * nx + (i+3)])*(1.0/60.0);
               }               }
           }           }
  
         /* brute force method of calculating the derivative (no consideration for edges) */         /* brute force method of calculating the derivative (no consideration for edges) */
         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)
           {           {
             for (j = 1; j <= ny-2; j++)              for (j = 3; j <= ny-4; j++)
               {               {
                  if isnan(bx[j * nx + i]) continue;                  if isnan(bx[j * nx + i]) continue;
                  dery[j * nx + i] = (bx[(j+1) * nx + i] - bx[(j-1) * nx + i])*0.5;                   dery[j * nx + i] = (-bx[(j-3) * nx + i] + 9.0*bx[(j-2) * nx + i] - 45.0*bx[(j-1) * nx + i] + 45*bx[(j+1) * nx + i] - 9.0*bx[(j+2) * nx + i] + bx[(j+3) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
               }               }
           }           }
  
           /* consider the edges: 3 pixels on each edge, for a total of 12 edge formulae below */
         /* consider the edges */  
         i=0;         i=0;
         for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)         for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)
           {           {
              if isnan(by[j * nx + i]) continue;              if isnan(by[j * nx + i]) continue;
              derx[j * nx + i] = ( (-3*by[j * nx + i]) + (4*by[j * nx + (i+1)]) - (by[j * nx + (i+2)]) )*0.5;               derx[j * nx + i] = (-147.0*by[j * nx + i] + 360.0*by[j * nx + (i+1)] - 450.0*by[j * nx + (i+2)] + 400.0*by[j * nx + (i+3)] - 225.0*by[j * nx + (i+4)] + 72.0*by[j * nx + (i+5)] - 10.0*by[j * nx + (i+6)])*(1.0/60.0);
           }           }
  
         i=nx-1;         i=nx-1;
         for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)         for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)
           {           {
              if isnan(by[j * nx + i]) continue;              if isnan(by[j * nx + i]) continue;
              derx[j * nx + i] = ( (3*by[j * nx + i]) + (-4*by[j * nx + (i-1)]) - (-by[j * nx + (i-2)]) )*0.5;               derx[j * nx + i] = ( 147.0*by[j * nx + i] - 360.0*by[j * nx + (i-1)] + 450.0*by[j * nx + (i-2)] - 400.0*by[j * nx + (i-3)] + 225.0*by[j * nx + (i-4)] - 72.0*by[j * nx + (i-5)] + 10.0*by[j * nx + (i-6)])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
   
           i=1;
           for (j = 0; j <= ny-2; j++)
             {
                if isnan(by[j * nx + i]) continue;
                derx[j * nx + i] = (-10.0*by[j * nx + i] - 77.0*by[j * nx + (i+1)] + 150.0*by[j * nx + (i+2)] - 100.0*by[j * nx + (i+3)] + 50.0*by[j * nx + (i+4)] - 15.0*by[j * nx + (i+5)] + 2.0*by[j * nx + (i+6)])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
           i=nx-2;
           for (j = 0; j <= ny-2; j++)
             {
                if isnan(by[j * nx + i]) continue;
                derx[j * nx + i] = ( 10.0*by[j * nx + i] + 77.0*by[j * nx + (i-1)] - 150.0*by[j * nx + (i-2)] + 100.0*by[j * nx + (i-3)] - 50.0*by[j * nx + (i-4)] + 15.0*by[j * nx + (i-5)] - 2.0*by[j * nx + (i-6)])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
   
           i=2;
           for (j = 0; j <= ny-2; j++)
             {
                if isnan(by[j * nx + i]) continue;
                derx[j * nx + i] = ( 2.0*by[j * nx + i] - 24.0*by[j * nx + (i+1)] - 35.0*by[j * nx + (i+2)] + 80.0*by[j * nx + (i+3)] - 30.0*by[j * nx + (i+4)] + 8.0*by[j * nx + (i+5)] - by[j * nx + (i+6)])*(1.0/60.0);
           }           }
  
           i=nx-3;
           for (j = 0; j <= ny-2; j++)
             {
                if isnan(by[j * nx + i]) continue;
                derx[j * nx + i] = (-2.0*by[j * nx + i] + 24.0*by[j * nx + (i-1)] + 35.0*by[j * nx + (i-2)] - 80.0*by[j * nx + (i-3)] + 30.0*by[j * nx + (i-4)] - 8.0*by[j * nx + (i-5)] + by[j * nx + (i-6)])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
   
         j=0;         j=0;
         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)
           {           {
              if isnan(bx[j * nx + i]) continue;              if isnan(bx[j * nx + i]) continue;
              dery[j * nx + i] = ( (-3*bx[j*nx + i]) + (4*bx[(j+1) * nx + i]) - (bx[(j+2) * nx + i]) )*0.5;               dery[j * nx + i] = (-147.0*bx[j * nx + i] + 360.0*bx[(j+1) * nx + i] - 450.0*bx[(j+2) * nx + i] + 400.0*bx[(j+3) * nx + i] - 225.0*bx[(j+4) * nx + i] + 72.0*bx[(j+5) * nx + i] - 10.0*bx[(j+6) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
           }           }
  
         j=ny-1;         j=ny-1;
         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)
           {           {
              if isnan(bx[j * nx + i]) continue;              if isnan(bx[j * nx + i]) continue;
              dery[j * nx + i] = ( (3*bx[j * nx + i]) + (-4*bx[(j-1) * nx + i]) - (-bx[(j-2) * nx + i]) )*0.5;               dery[j * nx + i] = ( 147.0*bx[j * nx + i] - 360.0*bx[(j-1) * nx + i] + 450.0*bx[(j-2) * nx + i] - 400.0*bx[(j-3) * nx + i] + 225.0*bx[(j-4) * nx + i] - 72.0*bx[(j-5) * nx + i] + 10.0*bx[(j-6) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
           j=1;
           for (i = 0; i <= nx-2; i++)
             {
                if isnan(bx[j * nx + i]) continue;
                dery[j * nx + i] = (-10.0*bx[j * nx + i] - 77.0*bx[(j+1) * nx + i] + 150.0*bx[(j+2) * nx + i] - 100.0*bx[(j+3) * nx + i] + 50.0*bx[(j+4) * nx + i] - 15.0*bx[(j+5) * nx + i] + 2.0*bx[(j+6) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
           j=ny-2;
           for (i = 0; i <= nx-2; i++)
             {
                if isnan(bx[j * nx + i]) continue;
                dery[j * nx + i] = ( 10.0*bx[j * nx + i] + 77.0*bx[(j-1) * nx + i] - 150.0*bx[(j-2) * nx + i] + 100.0*bx[(j-3) * nx + i] - 50.0*bx[(j-4) * nx + i] + 15.0*bx[(j-5) * nx + i] - 2.0*bx[(j-6) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
           }           }
  
           j=2;
           for (i = 0; i <= nx-3; i++)
             {
                if isnan(bx[j * nx + i]) continue;
                dery[j * nx + i] = ( 2.0*bx[j * nx + i] - 24.0*bx[(j+1) * nx + i] - 35.0*bx[(j+2) * nx + i] + 80.0*bx[(j+3) * nx + i] - 30.0*bx[(j+4) * nx + i] + 8.0*bx[(j+5) * nx + i] - bx[(j+6) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
   
           j=ny-3;
           for (i = 0; i <= nx-3; i++)
             {
                if isnan(bx[j * nx + i]) continue;
                dery[j * nx + i] = (-2.0*bx[j * nx + i] + 24.0*bx[(j-1) * nx + i] + 35.0*bx[(j-2) * nx + i] - 80.0*bx[(j-3) * nx + i] + 30.0*bx[(j-4) * nx + i] - 8.0*bx[(j-5) * nx + i] + bx[(j-6) * nx + i])*(1.0/60.0);
             }
  
         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)         for (i = 0; i <= nx-1; i++)
           {           {
Line 532  int computeJz(float *bx, float *by, int
Line 792  int computeJz(float *bx, float *by, int
             {             {
                /* calculate jz at all points */                /* calculate jz at all points */
                jz[j * nx + i] = (derx[j * nx + i]-dery[j * nx + i]);                                              /* jz is in units of Gauss/pix */                jz[j * nx + i] = (derx[j * nx + i]-dery[j * nx + i]);                                              /* jz is in units of Gauss/pix */
   
   
                  /* calculate the error in jz at all points */
                  jz_err[j * nx + i]=sqrt( (1.0/60.0)*bx_err[(j-3) * nx + i]*(1.0/60.0)*bx_err[(j-3) * nx + i] + (9.0/60.0)*bx_err[(j-2) * nx + i]*(9.0/60.0)*bx_err[(j-2) * nx + i] + (45.0/60.0)*bx_err[(j-1) * nx + i]*(45.0/60.0)*bx_err[(j-1) * nx + i] +
                                           (1.0/60.0)*bx_err[(j+3) * nx + i]*(1.0/60.0)*bx_err[(j+3) * nx + i] + (9.0/60.0)*bx_err[(j+2) * nx + i]*(9.0/60.0)*bx_err[(j+2) * nx + i] + (45.0/60.0)*bx_err[(j+1) * nx + i]*(45.0/60.0)*bx_err[(j+1) * nx + i] +
                                           (1.0/60.0)*by_err[j * nx + (i-3)]*(1.0/60.0)*by_err[j * nx + (i-3)] + (9.0/60.0)*by_err[j * nx + (i-2)]*(9.0/60.0)*by_err[j * nx + (i-2)] + (45.0/60.0)*by_err[j * nx + (i-1)]*(45.0/60.0)*by_err[j * nx + (i-1)] +
                                           (1.0/60.0)*by_err[j * nx + (i+3)]*(1.0/60.0)*by_err[j * nx + (i+3)] + (9.0/60.0)*by_err[j * nx + (i+2)]*(9.0/60.0)*by_err[j * nx + (i+2)] + (45.0/60.0)*by_err[j * nx + (i+1)]*(45.0/60.0)*by_err[j * nx + (i+1)] );
   
                  jz_err_squared[j * nx + i]=(jz_err[j * nx + i]*jz_err[j * nx + i]);
                count_mask++;                count_mask++;
             }             }
               //printf("\n");
           }           }
  
         return 0;         return 0;
Line 541  int computeJz(float *bx, float *by, int
Line 811  int computeJz(float *bx, float *by, int
  
 /*===========================================*/ /*===========================================*/
  
   
 /* Example function 9:  Compute quantities on smoothed Jz array */ /* Example function 9:  Compute quantities on smoothed Jz array */
  
 int computeJzsmooth(float *bx, float *by, int *dims, float *jz_smooth,  // All of the subsequent functions, including this one, use a smoothed Jz array. The smoothing is performed by Jesper's
                           float *mean_jz_ptr, float *us_i_ptr, int *mask, int *bitmask,  // fresize routines. These routines are located at /cvs/JSOC/proj/libs/interpolate. A Gaussian with a FWHM of 4 pixels
   // and truncation width of 12 pixels is used to smooth the array; however, a quick analysis shows that the mean values
   // of qualities like Jz and helicity do not change much as a result of smoothing. The smoothed array will, of course,
   // give a lower total Jz as the stron field pixels have been smoothed out to neighboring weaker field pixels.
   
   int computeJzsmooth(float *bx, float *by, int *dims, float *jz, float *jz_smooth, float *jz_err, float *jz_rms_err, float *jz_err_squared_smooth,
                       float *mean_jz_ptr, float *mean_jz_err_ptr, float *us_i_ptr, float *us_i_err_ptr, int *mask, int *bitmask,
                           float cdelt1, double rsun_ref, double rsun_obs,float *derx, float *dery)                           float cdelt1, double rsun_ref, double rsun_obs,float *derx, float *dery)
  
 { {
Line 554  int computeJzsmooth(float *bx, float *by
Line 831  int computeJzsmooth(float *bx, float *by
  
         if (nx <= 0 || ny <= 0) return 1;         if (nx <= 0 || ny <= 0) return 1;
  
         *mean_jz_ptr = 0.0;          float curl,us_i,test_perimeter,mean_curl,err=0.0;
         float curl=0.0, us_i=0.0,test_perimeter=0.0,mean_curl=0.0;  
  
  
         /* At this point, use the smoothed Jz array with a Gaussian (FWHM of 4 pix and truncation width of 12 pixels) but keep the original array dimensions*/         /* At this point, use the smoothed Jz array with a Gaussian (FWHM of 4 pix and truncation width of 12 pixels) but keep the original array dimensions*/
Line 563  int computeJzsmooth(float *bx, float *by
Line 839  int computeJzsmooth(float *bx, float *by
           {           {
             for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)             for (j = 0; j <= ny-1; j++)
             {             {
                  //printf("%f ",jz_smooth[j * nx + i]);
                if ( mask[j * nx + i] < 70 || bitmask[j * nx + i] < 30 ) continue;                if ( mask[j * nx + i] < 70 || bitmask[j * nx + i] < 30 ) continue;
                if isnan(derx[j * nx + i]) continue;                if isnan(derx[j * nx + i]) continue;
                if isnan(dery[j * nx + i]) continue;                if isnan(dery[j * nx + i]) continue;
                if isnan(jz_smooth[j * nx + i]) continue;                 //if isnan(jz_smooth[j * nx + i]) continue;
                //printf("%d,%d,%f\n",i,j,jz_smooth[j * nx + i]);                 //curl +=     (jz_smooth[j * nx + i])*(1/cdelt1)*(rsun_obs/rsun_ref)*(0.00010)*(1/MUNAUGHT)*(1000.); /* curl is in units of mA / m^2 */
                curl +=     (jz_smooth[j * nx + i])*(1/cdelt1)*(rsun_obs/rsun_ref)*(0.00010)*(1/MUNAUGHT)*(1000.); /* curl is in units of mA / m^2 */                 //us_i += fabs(jz_smooth[j * nx + i])*(cdelt1/1)*(rsun_ref/rsun_obs)*(0.00010)*(1/MUNAUGHT);         /* us_i is in units of A */
                us_i += fabs(jz_smooth[j * nx + i])*(1/cdelt1)*(rsun_ref/rsun_obs)*(0.00010)*(1/MUNAUGHT);         /* us_i is in units of A  / m^2 */                 //jz_rms_err[j * nx + i] = sqrt(jz_err_squared_smooth[j * nx + i]);
                  //err += (jz_rms_err[j * nx + i]*jz_rms_err[j * nx + i]);
                  if isnan(jz[j * nx + i]) continue;
                  curl +=     (jz[j * nx + i])*(1/cdelt1)*(rsun_obs/rsun_ref)*(0.00010)*(1/MUNAUGHT)*(1000.); /* curl is in units of mA / m^2 */
                  us_i += fabs(jz[j * nx + i])*(cdelt1/1)*(rsun_ref/rsun_obs)*(0.00010)*(1/MUNAUGHT);         /* us_i is in units of A */
                  err  += (jz_err[j * nx + i]*jz_err[j * nx + i]);
                count_mask++;                count_mask++;
             }             }
               //printf("\n");
           }           }
  
         /* Calculate mean vertical current density (mean_curl) and total unsigned vertical current (us_i) using smoothed Jz array and continue conditions above */         /* Calculate mean vertical current density (mean_curl) and total unsigned vertical current (us_i) using smoothed Jz array and continue conditions above */
         mean_curl        = (curl/count_mask);  
         printf("mean_curl=%f\n",mean_curl);  
         printf("cdelt1, what is it?=%f\n",cdelt1);  
         *mean_jz_ptr     = curl/(count_mask);        /* mean_jz gets populated as MEANJZD */         *mean_jz_ptr     = curl/(count_mask);        /* mean_jz gets populated as MEANJZD */
         printf("count_mask=%d\n",count_mask);          *mean_jz_err_ptr = (sqrt(err))*fabs(((rsun_obs/rsun_ref)*(0.00010)*(1/MUNAUGHT)*(1000.))/(count_mask)); // error in the quantity MEANJZD
   
         *us_i_ptr        = (us_i);                   /* us_i gets populated as TOTUSJZ */         *us_i_ptr        = (us_i);                   /* us_i gets populated as TOTUSJZ */
           *us_i_err_ptr    = (sqrt(err))*fabs((cdelt1/1)*(rsun_ref/rsun_obs)*(0.00010)*(1/MUNAUGHT)); // error in the quantity TOTUSJZ
   
           printf("MEANJZD=%f\n",*mean_jz_ptr);
           printf("MEANJZD_err=%f\n",*mean_jz_err_ptr);
   
           printf("TOTUSJZ=%g\n",*us_i_ptr);
           printf("TOTUSJZ_err=%g\n",*us_i_err_ptr);
   
         return 0;         return 0;
  
 } }
Line 596  int computeJzsmooth(float *bx, float *by
Line 885  int computeJzsmooth(float *bx, float *by
        // (abs(sum of all Jz at positive Bz) + abs(sum of all Jz at negative Bz)) = avg Jz        // (abs(sum of all Jz at positive Bz) + abs(sum of all Jz at negative Bz)) = avg Jz
        // avg alpha = avg Jz / avg Bz        // avg alpha = avg Jz / avg Bz
  
   // The sign is assigned as follows:
   // If the sum of all Bz is greater than 0, then evaluate the sum of Jz at the positive Bz pixels.
   // If this value is > 0, then alpha is > 0.
   // If this value is < 0, then alpha is <0.
   //
   // If the sum of all Bz is less than 0, then evaluate the sum of Jz at the negative Bz pixels.
   // If this value is > 0, then alpha is < 0.
   // If this value is < 0, then alpha is > 0.
   
 // The units of alpha are in 1/Mm // The units of alpha are in 1/Mm
 // The units of Jz are in Gauss/pix; the units of Bz are in Gauss. // The units of Jz are in Gauss/pix; the units of Bz are in Gauss.
 // //
Line 603  int computeJzsmooth(float *bx, float *by
Line 901  int computeJzsmooth(float *bx, float *by
 //                               = (Gauss/pix)(1/Gauss)(1/CDELT1)(RSUN_OBS/RSUN_REF)(10^6) //                               = (Gauss/pix)(1/Gauss)(1/CDELT1)(RSUN_OBS/RSUN_REF)(10^6)
 //                               = 1/Mm //                               = 1/Mm
  
 int computeAlpha(float *bz, int *dims, float *jz_smooth, float *mean_alpha_ptr, int *mask, int *bitmask,  int computeAlpha(float *jz_err, float *bz_err, float *bz, int *dims, float *jz, float *jz_smooth, float *mean_alpha_ptr, float *mean_alpha_err_ptr, int *mask, int *bitmask, float cdelt1, double rsun_ref, double rsun_obs)
                  float cdelt1, double rsun_ref, double rsun_obs)  
  
 { {
         int nx = dims[0], ny = dims[1];         int nx = dims[0], ny = dims[1];
         int i, j=0;          int i, j, count_mask, a,b,c,d=0;
  
         if (nx <= 0 || ny <= 0) return 1;         if (nx <= 0 || ny <= 0) return 1;
  
         *mean_alpha_ptr = 0.0;          float aa, bb, cc, bznew, alpha2, sum1, sum2, sum3, sum4, sum, sum5, sum6, sum_err=0.0;
         float aa, bb, cc, bznew, alpha2, sum1, sum2, sum3, sum4, sum, sum5, sum6=0.0;  
  
         for (i = 1; i < nx-1; i++)         for (i = 1; i < nx-1; i++)
           {           {
             for (j = 1; j < ny-1; j++)             for (j = 1; j < ny-1; j++)
               {               {
                 if ( mask[j * nx + i] < 70 || bitmask[j * nx + i] < 30 ) continue;                 if ( mask[j * nx + i] < 70 || bitmask[j * nx + i] < 30 ) continue;
                 if isnan(jz_smooth[j * nx + i]) continue;                  //if isnan(jz_smooth[j * nx + i]) continue;
                   if isnan(jz[j * nx + i]) continue;
                 if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;                 if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;
                   //if (jz_smooth[j * nx + i] == 0) continue;
                   if (jz[j * nx + i]     == 0.0) continue;
                   if (bz_err[j * nx + i] == 0.0) continue;
                 if (bz[j * nx + i] == 0.0) continue;                 if (bz[j * nx + i] == 0.0) continue;
                 if (bz[j * nx + i] >  0) sum1 += ( bz[j * nx + i]);                  if (bz[j * nx + i] >  0) sum1 += ( bz[j * nx + i] ); a++;
                 if (bz[j * nx + i] <= 0) sum2 += ( bz[j * nx + i]);                  if (bz[j * nx + i] <= 0) sum2 += ( bz[j * nx + i] ); b++;
                 if (bz[j * nx + i] >  0) sum3 += ( jz_smooth[j * nx + i]);                  //if (bz[j * nx + i] >  0) sum3 += ( jz_smooth[j * nx + i]);
                 if (bz[j * nx + i] <= 0) sum4 += ( jz_smooth[j * nx + i]);                  //if (bz[j * nx + i] <= 0) sum4 += ( jz_smooth[j * nx + i]);
                   if (bz[j * nx + i] >  0) sum3 += ( jz[j * nx + i] ); c++;
                   if (bz[j * nx + i] <= 0) sum4 += ( jz[j * nx + i] ); d++;
                 sum5 += bz[j * nx + i];                 sum5 += bz[j * nx + i];
                   /* sum_err is a fractional uncertainty */
                   sum_err += sqrt(((jz_err[j * nx + i]*jz_err[j * nx + i])/(jz[j * nx + i]*jz[j * nx + i])) + ((bz_err[j * nx + i]*bz_err[j * nx + i])/(bz[j * nx + i]*bz[j * nx + i]))) * fabs( ( (jz[j * nx + i]) / (bz[j * nx + i]) ) *(1/cdelt1)*(rsun_obs/rsun_ref)*(1000000.));
                   count_mask++;
               }               }
           }           }
  
Line 640  int computeAlpha(float *bz, int *dims, f
Line 945  int computeAlpha(float *bz, int *dims, f
         if ((sum5 < 0) && (sum4 >  0)) sum=-sum;         if ((sum5 < 0) && (sum4 >  0)) sum=-sum;
  
         *mean_alpha_ptr = sum; /* Units are 1/Mm */         *mean_alpha_ptr = sum; /* Units are 1/Mm */
           *mean_alpha_err_ptr    = (sqrt(sum_err*sum_err)) / ((a+b+c+d)*100.); // error in the quantity (sum)/(count_mask); factor of 100 comes from converting percent
   
           printf("a=%d\n",a);
           printf("b=%d\n",b);
           printf("d=%d\n",d);
           printf("c=%d\n",c);
   
           printf("MEANALP=%f\n",*mean_alpha_ptr);
           printf("MEANALP_err=%f\n",*mean_alpha_err_ptr);
   
         return 0;         return 0;
 } }
  
 /*===========================================*/ /*===========================================*/
 /* Example function 11:  Helicity (mean current helicty, mean unsigned current helicity, and mean absolute current helicity) */  /* Example function 11:  Helicity (mean current helicty, total unsigned current helicity, absolute value of net current helicity) */
  
 //  The current helicity is defined as Bz*Jz and the units are G^2 / m //  The current helicity is defined as Bz*Jz and the units are G^2 / m
 //  The units of Jz are in G/pix; the units of Bz are in G. //  The units of Jz are in G/pix; the units of Bz are in G.
 //  Therefore, the units of Bz*Jz = (Gauss)*(Gauss/pix) = (Gauss^2/pix)(pix/arcsec)(arcsec/m)  //  Therefore, the units of Bz*Jz = (Gauss)*(Gauss/pix) = (Gauss^2/pix)(pix/arcsec)(arcsec/meter)
 //                                                      = (Gauss^2/pix)(1/CDELT1)(RSUN_OBS/RSUN_REF) //                                                      = (Gauss^2/pix)(1/CDELT1)(RSUN_OBS/RSUN_REF)
 //                                                      = G^2 / m. //                                                      = G^2 / m.
  
   int computeHelicity(float *jz_err, float *jz_rms_err, float *bz_err, float *bz, int *dims, float *jz, float *mean_ih_ptr,
 int computeHelicity(float *bz, int *dims, float *jz_smooth, float *mean_ih_ptr, float *total_us_ih_ptr,                      float *mean_ih_err_ptr, float *total_us_ih_ptr, float *total_abs_ih_ptr,
                                         float *total_abs_ih_ptr, int *mask, int *bitmask, float cdelt1, double rsun_ref, double rsun_obs)                      float *total_us_ih_err_ptr, float *total_abs_ih_err_ptr, int *mask, int *bitmask, float cdelt1, double rsun_ref, double rsun_obs)
  
 { {
  
Line 663  int computeHelicity(float *bz, int *dims
Line 978  int computeHelicity(float *bz, int *dims
  
         if (nx <= 0 || ny <= 0) return 1;         if (nx <= 0 || ny <= 0) return 1;
  
         *mean_ih_ptr = 0.0;          float sum,sum2,sum_err=0.0;
         float sum=0.0, sum2=0.0;  
  
         for (i = 0; i < nx; i++)         for (i = 0; i < nx; i++)
         {         {
                 for (j = 0; j < ny; j++)                 for (j = 0; j < ny; j++)
                 {                 {
                 if ( mask[j * nx + i] < 70 || bitmask[j * nx + i] < 30 ) continue;                 if ( mask[j * nx + i] < 70 || bitmask[j * nx + i] < 30 ) continue;
                 if isnan(jz_smooth[j * nx + i]) continue;                    if isnan(jz[j * nx + i]) continue;
                 if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;                 if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;
                 if (bz[j * nx + i] == 0.0) continue;                 if (bz[j * nx + i] == 0.0) continue;
                 if (jz_smooth[j * nx + i] == 0.0) continue;                    if (jz[j * nx + i] == 0.0) continue;
                 sum  +=     (jz_smooth[j * nx + i]*bz[j * nx + i])*(1/cdelt1)*(rsun_obs/rsun_ref);                    sum     +=     (jz[j * nx + i]*bz[j * nx + i])*(1/cdelt1)*(rsun_obs/rsun_ref); // contributes to MEANJZH and ABSNJZH
                 sum2 += fabs(jz_smooth[j * nx + i]*bz[j * nx + i])*(1/cdelt1)*(rsun_obs/rsun_ref);                    sum2    += fabs(jz[j * nx + i]*bz[j * nx + i])*(1/cdelt1)*(rsun_obs/rsun_ref); // contributes to TOTUSJH
                     sum_err += sqrt(((jz_err[j * nx + i]*jz_err[j * nx + i])/(jz[j * nx + i]*jz[j * nx + i])) + ((bz_err[j * nx + i]*bz_err[j * nx + i])/(bz[j * nx + i]*bz[j * nx + i]))) * fabs(jz[j * nx + i]*bz[j * nx + i]*(1/cdelt1)*(rsun_obs/rsun_ref));
                 count_mask++;                 count_mask++;
                 }                 }
          }          }
  
             printf("sum/count_mask=%f\n",sum/count_mask);  
             printf("(1/cdelt1)*(rsun_obs/rsun_ref)=%f\n",(1/cdelt1)*(rsun_obs/rsun_ref));  
             *mean_ih_ptr     = sum/count_mask; /* Units are G^2 / m ; keyword is MEANJZH */             *mean_ih_ptr     = sum/count_mask; /* Units are G^2 / m ; keyword is MEANJZH */
             *total_us_ih_ptr = sum2;           /* Units are G^2 / m */          *total_us_ih_ptr      = sum2           ; /* Units are G^2 / m ; keyword is TOTUSJH */
             *total_abs_ih_ptr= fabs(sum);      /* Units are G^2 / m */          *total_abs_ih_ptr     = fabs(sum)      ; /* Units are G^2 / m ; keyword is ABSNJZH */
   
           *mean_ih_err_ptr      = (sqrt(sum_err*sum_err)) / (count_mask*100.)    ;  // error in the quantity MEANJZH
           *total_us_ih_err_ptr  = (sqrt(sum_err*sum_err)) / (100.)               ;  // error in the quantity TOTUSJH
           *total_abs_ih_err_ptr = (sqrt(sum_err*sum_err)) / (100.)               ;  // error in the quantity ABSNJZH
   
           printf("MEANJZH=%f\n",*mean_ih_ptr);
           printf("MEANJZH_err=%f\n",*mean_ih_err_ptr);
   
           printf("TOTUSJH=%f\n",*total_us_ih_ptr);
           printf("TOTUSJH_err=%f\n",*total_us_ih_err_ptr);
   
           printf("ABSNJZH=%f\n",*total_abs_ih_ptr);
           printf("ABSNJZH_err=%f\n",*total_abs_ih_err_ptr);
  
         return 0;         return 0;
 } }
Line 698  int computeHelicity(float *bz, int *dims
Line 1024  int computeHelicity(float *bz, int *dims
 //  The units of jz are in G/pix. In this case, we would have the following: //  The units of jz are in G/pix. In this case, we would have the following:
 //  Jz = (Gauss/pix)(1/CDELT1)(0.00010)(1/MUNAUGHT)(RSUN_REF/RSUN_OBS)(RSUN_REF/RSUN_OBS)(RSUN_OBS/RSUN_REF), //  Jz = (Gauss/pix)(1/CDELT1)(0.00010)(1/MUNAUGHT)(RSUN_REF/RSUN_OBS)(RSUN_REF/RSUN_OBS)(RSUN_OBS/RSUN_REF),
 //     = (Gauss/pix)(1/CDELT1)(0.00010)(1/MUNAUGHT)(RSUN_REF/RSUN_OBS) //     = (Gauss/pix)(1/CDELT1)(0.00010)(1/MUNAUGHT)(RSUN_REF/RSUN_OBS)
   //
   //  The error in this quantity is the same as the error in the mean vertical current (mean_jz_err).
  
 int computeSumAbsPerPolarity(float *bz, float *jz_smooth, int *dims, float *totaljzptr,  int computeSumAbsPerPolarity(float *jz_err, float *bz_err, float *bz, float *jz, int *dims, float *totaljzptr, float *totaljz_err_ptr,
                                                          int *mask, int *bitmask, float cdelt1, double rsun_ref, double rsun_obs)                                                          int *mask, int *bitmask, float cdelt1, double rsun_ref, double rsun_obs)
  
 { {
Line 709  int computeSumAbsPerPolarity(float *bz,
Line 1037  int computeSumAbsPerPolarity(float *bz,
         if (nx <= 0 || ny <= 0) return 1;         if (nx <= 0 || ny <= 0) return 1;
  
         *totaljzptr=0.0;         *totaljzptr=0.0;
         float sum1=0.0, sum2=0.0;          float sum1,sum2,err=0.0;
  
         for (i = 0; i < nx; i++)         for (i = 0; i < nx; i++)
           {           {
Line 717  int computeSumAbsPerPolarity(float *bz,
Line 1045  int computeSumAbsPerPolarity(float *bz,
               {               {
                 if ( mask[j * nx + i] < 70 || bitmask[j * nx + i] < 30 ) continue;                 if ( mask[j * nx + i] < 70 || bitmask[j * nx + i] < 30 ) continue;
                 if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;                 if isnan(bz[j * nx + i]) continue;
                 if (bz[j * nx + i] >  0) sum1 += ( jz_smooth[j * nx + i])*(1/cdelt1)*(0.00010)*(1/MUNAUGHT)*(rsun_ref/rsun_obs);                  if (bz[j * nx + i] >  0) sum1 += ( jz[j * nx + i])*(1/cdelt1)*(0.00010)*(1/MUNAUGHT)*(rsun_ref/rsun_obs);
                 if (bz[j * nx + i] <= 0) sum2 += ( jz_smooth[j * nx + i])*(1/cdelt1)*(0.00010)*(1/MUNAUGHT)*(rsun_ref/rsun_obs);                  if (bz[j * nx + i] <= 0) sum2 += ( jz[j * nx + i])*(1/cdelt1)*(0.00010)*(1/MUNAUGHT)*(rsun_ref/rsun_obs);
                   err += (jz_err[j * nx + i]*jz_err[j * nx + i]);
                   count_mask++;
               }               }
           }           }
  
         *totaljzptr = fabs(sum1) + fabs(sum2);  /* Units are A */         *totaljzptr = fabs(sum1) + fabs(sum2);  /* Units are A */
           *totaljz_err_ptr = sqrt(err)*(1/cdelt1)*fabs((0.00010)*(1/MUNAUGHT)*(rsun_ref/rsun_obs));
           printf("SAVNCPP=%g\n",*totaljzptr);
           printf("SAVNCPP_err=%g\n",*totaljz_err_ptr);
   
         return 0;         return 0;
 } }
  
Line 733  int computeSumAbsPerPolarity(float *bz,
Line 1067  int computeSumAbsPerPolarity(float *bz,
 // //
 // Total magnetic energy is the magnetic energy density times dA, or the area, and the units are thus ergs/cm. To convert // Total magnetic energy is the magnetic energy density times dA, or the area, and the units are thus ergs/cm. To convert
 // ergs per centimeter cubed to ergs per centimeter, simply multiply by the area per pixel in cm: // ergs per centimeter cubed to ergs per centimeter, simply multiply by the area per pixel in cm:
 // erg/cm^3(CDELT1)^2(RSUN_REF/RSUN_OBS)^2(100.)^2  //   erg/cm^3*(CDELT1^2)*(RSUN_REF/RSUN_OBS ^2)*(100.^2)
 // = erg/cm^3(0.5 arcsec/pix)^2(722500m/arcsec)^2(100cm/m)^2  // = erg/cm^3*(0.5 arcsec/pix)^2(722500m/arcsec)^2(100cm/m)^2
 // = erg/cm^3(1.30501e15)  // = erg/cm^3*(1.30501e15)
 // = erg/cm(1/pix^2) // = erg/cm(1/pix^2)
  
 int computeFreeEnergy(float *bx, float *by, float *bpx, float *bpy, int *dims,  int computeFreeEnergy(float *bx_err, float *by_err, float *bx, float *by, float *bpx, float *bpy, int *dims,
                                           float *meanpotptr, float *totpotptr, int *mask, int *bitmask,                        float *meanpotptr, float *meanpot_err_ptr, float *totpotptr, float *totpot_err_ptr, int *mask, int *bitmask,
                                           float cdelt1, double rsun_ref, double rsun_obs)                                           float cdelt1, double rsun_ref, double rsun_obs)
  
 { {
Line 750  int computeFreeEnergy(float *bx, float *
Line 1084  int computeFreeEnergy(float *bx, float *
  
         *totpotptr=0.0;         *totpotptr=0.0;
         *meanpotptr=0.0;         *meanpotptr=0.0;
         float sum=0.0;          float sum,err=0.0;
  
         for (i = 0; i < nx; i++)         for (i = 0; i < nx; i++)
           {           {
Line 759  int computeFreeEnergy(float *bx, float *
Line 1093  int computeFreeEnergy(float *bx, float *
                  if ( mask[j * nx + i] < 70 || bitmask[j * nx + i] < 30 ) continue;                  if ( mask[j * nx + i] < 70 || bitmask[j * nx + i] < 30 ) continue;
                  if isnan(bx[j * nx + i]) continue;                  if isnan(bx[j * nx + i]) continue;
                  if isnan(by[j * nx + i]) continue;                  if isnan(by[j * nx + i]) continue;
                  sum += ((    ((bx[j * nx + i])*(bx[j * nx + i]) + (by[j * nx + i])*(by[j * nx + i]) ) -  ((bpx[j * nx + i])*(bpx[j * nx + i]) + (bpy[j * nx + i])*(bpy[j * nx + i]))  )/8.*PI);                   sum += ( ((bpx[j * nx + i] - bx[j * nx + i])*(bpx[j * nx + i] - bx[j * nx + i])) + ((bpy[j * nx + i] - by[j * nx + i])*(bpy[j * nx + i] - by[j * nx + i])) ) / 8.*PI;
                    err += (4.0*bx[j * nx + i]*bx[j * nx + i]*bx_err[j * nx + i]*bx_err[j * nx + i]) + (4.0*by[j * nx + i]*by[j * nx + i]*by_err[j * nx + i]*by_err[j * nx + i]);
                    //err += 2.0*bz_err[j * nx + i]*bz_err[j * nx + i];
                  count_mask++;                  count_mask++;
               }               }
           }           }
  
         *meanpotptr = (sum)/(count_mask);              /* Units are ergs per cubic centimeter */         *meanpotptr = (sum)/(count_mask);              /* Units are ergs per cubic centimeter */
         *totpotptr  = sum*(cdelt1*cdelt1*(rsun_ref/rsun_obs)*(rsun_ref/rsun_obs)*100.0*100.0)*(count_mask);   /* Units of sum are ergs/cm^3, units of factor are cm^2/pix^2, units of count_mask are pix^2; therefore, units of totpotptr are ergs per centimeter */          *meanpot_err_ptr = (sqrt(err)) / (count_mask*8.*PI);      // error in the quantity (sum)/(count_mask)
           //*mean_derivative_bz_err_ptr = (sqrt(err))/(count_mask); // error in the quantity (sum)/(count_mask)
   
           /* Units of sum are ergs/cm^3, units of factor are cm^2/pix^2; therefore, units of totpotptr are ergs per centimeter */
           *totpotptr     = sum*(cdelt1*cdelt1*(rsun_ref/rsun_obs)*(rsun_ref/rsun_obs)*100.0*100.0*(1/8.*PI)) ;
           *totpot_err_ptr  = (sqrt(err))*fabs(cdelt1*cdelt1*(rsun_ref/rsun_obs)*(rsun_ref/rsun_obs)*100.0*100.0*(1/8.*PI));
   
           printf("MEANPOT=%g\n",*meanpotptr);
           printf("MEANPOT_err=%g\n",*meanpot_err_ptr);
   
           printf("TOTPOT=%g\n",*totpotptr);
           printf("TOTPOT_err=%g\n",*totpot_err_ptr);
   
         return 0;         return 0;
 } }
  
 /*===========================================*/ /*===========================================*/
 /* Example function 14:  Mean 3D shear angle, area with shear greater than 45, mean horizontal shear angle, area with horizontal shear angle greater than 45 */ /* Example function 14:  Mean 3D shear angle, area with shear greater than 45, mean horizontal shear angle, area with horizontal shear angle greater than 45 */
  
 int computeShearAngle(float *bx, float *by, float *bz, float *bpx, float *bpy, float *bpz, int *dims,  int computeShearAngle(float *bx_err, float *by_err, float *bh_err, float *bx, float *by, float *bz, float *bpx, float *bpy, float *bpz, int *dims,
                                           float *meanshear_angleptr, float *area_w_shear_gt_45ptr,                        float *meanshear_angleptr, float *meanshear_angle_err_ptr, float *area_w_shear_gt_45ptr, int *mask, int *bitmask)
                                           float *meanshear_anglehptr, float *area_w_shear_gt_45hptr,  
                                           int *mask, int *bitmask)  
 { {
         int nx = dims[0], ny = dims[1];         int nx = dims[0], ny = dims[1];
         int i, j;         int i, j;
  
         if (nx <= 0 || ny <= 0) return 1;         if (nx <= 0 || ny <= 0) return 1;
  
         *area_w_shear_gt_45ptr=0.0;          //*area_w_shear_gt_45ptr=0.0;
         *meanshear_angleptr=0.0;          //*meanshear_angleptr=0.0;
         float dotproduct, magnitude_potential, magnitude_vector, shear_angle=0.0, sum = 0.0, count=0.0, count_mask=0.0;          float dotproduct, magnitude_potential, magnitude_vector, shear_angle,err=0.0, sum = 0.0, count=0.0, count_mask=0.0;
         float dotproducth, magnitude_potentialh, magnitude_vectorh, shear_angleh=0.0, sum1 = 0.0, counth = 0.0;  
  
         for (i = 0; i < nx; i++)         for (i = 0; i < nx; i++)
           {           {
Line 805  int computeShearAngle(float *bx, float *
Line 1150  int computeShearAngle(float *bx, float *
                  shear_angle           = acos(dotproduct/(magnitude_potential*magnitude_vector))*(180./PI);                  shear_angle           = acos(dotproduct/(magnitude_potential*magnitude_vector))*(180./PI);
                  count ++;                  count ++;
                  sum += shear_angle ;                  sum += shear_angle ;
                    err += -(1./(1.- sqrt(bx_err[j * nx + i]*bx_err[j * nx + i]+by_err[j * nx + i]*by_err[j * nx + i]+bh_err[j * nx + i]*bh_err[j * nx + i])));
                  if (shear_angle > 45) count_mask ++;                  if (shear_angle > 45) count_mask ++;
               }               }
           }           }
  
         /* For mean 3D shear angle, area with shear greater than 45*/         /* For mean 3D shear angle, area with shear greater than 45*/
         *meanshear_angleptr = (sum)/(count);              /* Units are degrees */         *meanshear_angleptr = (sum)/(count);              /* Units are degrees */
         printf("count_mask=%f\n",count_mask);          *meanshear_angle_err_ptr = (sqrt(err*err))/(count);  // error in the quantity (sum)/(count_mask)
         printf("count=%f\n",count);  
         *area_w_shear_gt_45ptr = (count_mask/(count))*(100.);  /* The area here is a fractional area -- the % of the total area */         *area_w_shear_gt_45ptr = (count_mask/(count))*(100.);  /* The area here is a fractional area -- the % of the total area */
  
           printf("MEANSHR=%f\n",*meanshear_angleptr);
           printf("MEANSHR_err=%f\n",*meanshear_angle_err_ptr);
   
         return 0;         return 0;
 } }
  

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